
Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Strategies
By Mitchell Bebel Stargrove, ND, LAc, Jonathan Treasure, MA MNIMH RH (AHG) MCPP, and Dwight McKee, MD
Published by Elsevier/Mosby (2008)
The authoritative transdisciplinary clinical reference and teaching tool used at naturopathic, pharmacy, and Chinese medicine colleges since its publication
- Herb-Drug Interactions
- Drug Interactions with Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids and Nutraceuticals
Drug-Induced Nutrient Depletions

Actively engage patient choices. Be aware of risks. Integrate benefits. Offer informed options.
For decades surveys have shown that over half of patients have been regularly using vitamins, minerals, herbs and other supplements.
How do you access trusted resources to guide informed decision-making and coordinated care delivery?
This essential resource offers detailed, well-informed guidance on the therapeutic agents most frequently encountered in clinical settings and supports the safe and effective integration of herbal, nutritional, and pharmaceutical therapies. Combining pharmaceuticals with herbs or supplements can enhance or hinder a drug’s therapeutic effect—or increase the risk of adverse reactions. Drug-induced nutrient depletion is also a growing concern in clinical practice. This text provides comprehensive clinical data, quick-reference tools, and expert insight to help practitioners understand herb-drug-nutrient interactions and craft safe, individualized treatment strategies.

Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Strategies
By Mitchell Bebel Stargrove, ND, LAc, Jonathan Treasure, MA MNIMH RH (AHG) MCPP, and Dwight McKee, MD

The authoritative transdisciplinary clinical reference and teaching tool used at naturopathic, pharmacy, and Chinese medicine colleges since its publication
- Herb-Drug Interactions
- Drug Interactions with Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids and Nutraceuticals
Drug-Induced Nutrient Depletions
Actively engage patient choices. Be aware of risks. Integrate benefits. Offer informed options.
For decades surveys have shown that over half of patients have been regularly using vitamins, minerals, herbs and other supplements.
How do you access trusted resources to guide informed decision-making and coordinated care delivery?
This essential resource offers detailed, well-informed guidance on the therapeutic agents most frequently encountered in clinical settings and supports the safe and effective integration of herbal, nutritional, and pharmaceutical therapies. Combining pharmaceuticals with herbs or supplements can enhance or hinder a drug’s therapeutic effect—or increase the risk of adverse reactions. Drug-induced nutrient depletion is also a growing concern in clinical practice. This text provides comprehensive clinical data, quick-reference tools, and expert insight to help practitioners understand herb-drug-nutrient interactions and craft safe, individualized treatment strategies.
Key Features
Comprehensive and Clinically Grounded
A structured, well-informed guide to the most complex and evolving intersections in medical education and clinical practice.
Multidisciplinary Perspectives
Clinically Relevant Monographs
Practical Clinical Details
Each monograph features a summary table, therapeutic uses, dosing, safety, and concise, actionable guidance.
Layered Format for Flexible Use
Evidence-Rich Referencing
Over 300 pages of citations and resources support a thorough, systematic, and evidence-informed approach.
Visual Decision Support
Cross-Disciplinary Synthesis
Authoritative Clinical Voices
Widely Trusted Resource
Support for Safe, Collaborative Care
Accessible Citations and Bibliography

Recommended by leading educators and practitioners
“Thorough, accurate, evidence-based information that all practitioners need if they or their patients use herbs or dietary supplements. Highly recommended.”
Wayne Jonas, MD
Former Head of National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health
President and Chief Executive Officer, Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia
“The most comprehensive and substantiated resource I have seen on drug/herb/nutrient interactions. I was especially impressed by Dr. Stargrove and his interdisciplinary team’s ranking of the quality of the available evidence as well as their careful consideration of beneficial interactions, not just adverse effects. Required for every clinician serious about integrative medicine.”Joseph E. Pizzorno, Jr., ND
Co-founder, President Emeritus, Bastyr University, Kenmore, Washington
Editor, Integrative Medicine: A Clinicians Journal
“It has been well documented that many patients often do not share with their practitioners all of the medicinal products they may be using. It behooves all practitioners to not only ask patients what they are taking, but also understand potential interactions and deficiencies that might occur and make recommendations. This book, by acknowledged experts in the field of integrative medicine, offers evidence-based advise for clinicians of all types. I whole-heartedly recommend this book for its thoughtful, balanced and well-referenced presentation integrating scientific evidence with practical clinical experience.”David Riley, MD
Founder, Integrative Medicine Institute
Associate Editor, Integrative Medicine—A Clinician’s Journal
Editor, The Permanente Journal
Former Editor in Chief: Global Advances in Health and Medicine; EXPLORE – The Journal of Science and Healing; The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
Clinical Associate Professor, Univ. of New Mexico School of Medicine
“Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Strategies is by far one of my favorite interactions textbooks/databases. A team of a naturopathic physician Mitchell Stargrove, clinical herbalist Jonathan Treasure and a medical doctor Dwight McKee, left no stones unturned as they explored all potential and clinical interactions in the most commonly used herbs and vitamins. The authors utilized and shared with their readers a very specific system evaluating interactions and making this book/database essential for any healthcare practitioner interested in understanding the topic. The text is entirely evidence based and the authors provide you with a compilation of all the references to explore further. The information presented is concise and extremely practical for any clinician. This book is on a very short list of my recommended readings for my students, and should be on your bookshelf or computer screen!”
Lana Dvorkin Camiel, PharmD
Professor, Pharmacy Practice
Coordinator, Center for Drug Information and Natural Products
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University
“…. I enthusiastically welcome this book, a collaboration written by experienced clinicians within the fields of conventional, integrative and natural medicine for health professionals who wish to effectively counsel their patients on the safe and beneficial use of dietary supplements. As the title suggests, this book addresses herb-drug interactions, nutrient-drug interactions, and drug-induced nutrient depletions in a clinically oriented, and integrated manner. The authors demonstrate an appropriate balance between recommendation and risk based upon the overall strength of the scientific evidence and their own clinical experience. The text is well referenced, balanced and objective and the use of icons and summary tables allows the clinician to quickly identify areas of potential risk, as well as potential benefit. This book is a major contribution to the field of integrative medicine and an invaluable resource to practitioner and researcher alike.”
From the Foreward, by
Tieraona Low Dog, MD
Fellowship Director, Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine
Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ
Chair, United States Pharmacopeia Dietary Supplements Information Expert Panel
What Professional Journals Are Saying
Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Strategies has been reviewed in leading professional journals across integrative, naturopathic, and biomedical fields. These reviews reflect the depth, rigor, and clinical relevance of this resource, offering insights into how it has shaped clinical practice across disciplines.
Clinical Toxicology
Thomas L. Kurt, MD, Consultant, Medical Toxicology
2009
Integrative Medicine: A Clinician’s Journal
John Weeks, The Integrator
Aug/Sep 2008 vol. 7 No. 4, Pg. 14
Integrative Medicine – A Clinician’s Journal
Joseph E. Pizzorno, ND
Aug/Sept 2009
Townsend Letter
Duncan Soule, MD
Aug/Sept 2009
HerbalGram
Thomas L. Kurt, MD
Clinical Professor, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
Summer 2009
Life Extension Magazine
Michael J. Hall, ND
April 2009
British Naturopathic Journal
Roger Newman Turner, ND
2009, Vol. 26, No. 2, Pg. 10
Journal of the American Herbalists Guild
Jerry M. Cott, PhD
Review Pharmacologist/Toxicologist
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Division of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Rheumatology Products
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Spring 2009
Journal of the Society for Integrative Oncology
Stephen M. Sagar, MD
Associate Professor, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Jan 2009
The Pharmaceutical Journal
Pamela Mason, PhD, MRPharmS
November 2008
Explore
Gerald M. Lemole, MD
Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, DE
Sept/Oct 2008 Vol. 4 No. 5 Pg. 339
Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society
Penny Robertshawe
Sept 2008
NDNR: Naturopathic News and Reviews
Stacie Deyglio, ND
Sept 2008, Pg. 22
Alternative Medicine Review
Mario Roxas, ND
Jun 2008
The Integrator
John Weeks, Editor
May, 2008
Clinical Toxicology
Thomas L. Kurt, MD, Consultant, Medical Toxicology
2009
Integrative Medicine: A Clinician’s Journal
John Weeks, The Integrator
Aug/Sep 2008 vol. 7 No. 4, Pg. 14
Integrative Medicine – A Clinician’s Journal
Joseph E. Pizzorno, ND
Aug/Sept 2009
Townsend Letter
Duncan Soule, MD
Aug/Sept 2009
HerbalGram
Thomas L. Kurt, MD
Clinical Professor, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
Summer 2009
Life Extension Magazine
Michael J. Hall, ND
April 2009
British Naturopathic Journal
Roger Newman Turner, ND
2009, Vol. 26, No. 2, Pg. 10
Journal of the American Herbalists Guild
Jerry M. Cott, PhD
Review Pharmacologist/Toxicologist
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Division of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Rheumatology Products
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Spring 2009
Journal of the Society for Integrative Oncology
Stephen M. Sagar, MD
Associate Professor, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Jan 2009
The Pharmaceutical Journal
Pamela Mason, PhD, MRPharmS
November 2008
Explore
Gerald M. Lemole, MD
Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, DE
Sept/Oct 2008 Vol. 4 No. 5 Pg. 339
Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society
Penny Robertshawe
Sept 2008
NDNR: Naturopathic News and Reviews
Stacie Deyglio, ND
Sept 2008, Pg. 22
Alternative Medicine Review
Mario Roxas, ND
Jun 2008
The Integrator
John Weeks, Editor
May, 2008
Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions: Content
Published by Elsevier/Mosby (2008), the world’s leading medical publisher, this 932-page guide brings together pharmacology, nutrition, phytotherapy, and systems biology into a clear and clinically practical resource. With over 300 pages of citations, an innovative icon-based taxonomy, and 70 comprehensive monographs, Interactions remains an essential tool for healthcare professionals navigating the real-world use of supplements, herbs, and pharmaceuticals in patient care.
Aloe (Aloe vera)
Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus)
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa)
Cascara
Cayenne (Capsicum)
Dang Gui (Angelica sinensis)
Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens)
Echinacea (Echinacea spp.)
Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
Ephedra (Ephedra sinica)
Feverfew (Tanacetum parth.)
Garlic (Allium sativum)
Ginger (Zingiber off.)
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)
Ginseng, Chinese/Korean (Panax ginseng)
Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica)
Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)
Hawthorn (Crataegus)
Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)
Kava Kava (Piper methysticum)
Licorice Root (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Milk Thistle Seed (Silybum marianum)
Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)
Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum)
Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens)
St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum)
Turmeric/Curcumin (Curcuma longa)
Valerian (Valeriana off.)
Vitex/Chaste (Vitex agnus-castus)
Vitamins
Beta-Carotene
Folic Acid
Vitamin A / Retinol
Vitamin B1 / Thiamine
Vitamin B2 / Riboflavin
Vitamin B3 / Niacin/Niacinamide
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C / Ascorbic Acid
Vitamin D / Calciferol
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Minerals
Boron
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Magnesium
Potassium
Selenium
Zinc
Amino Acids
Arginine
Carnitine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
Nutriceuticals and Physiologics
5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan)
Alpha Lipoic Acid
Chondroitin Sulfate
Coenzyme Q10
DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone)
Glucosamine sulfate
Inositol
Melatonin
Omega 3 Fatty Acids (including Fish Oils: DHA and EPA)
PABA (Para-aminobenzoic Acid)
Policosanol
Probiotic Intestinal Flora and Prebiotics
S-adenosyl Methionine (SAMe)
About the Authors
Mitchell Bebel Stargrove, ND, LAc – Founder/Developer, IBIS: The Integrative BodyMind Information System; President, MedicineWorks.com/Health Resources Unlimited, Inc., Beaverton, OR, USA
Jonathan Treasure, MA, MNIMH, RH (AHG), MCPP – Centre for Natural Healing, Ashland, OR, USA
Dwight L. McKee, MD – Diplomate, American Boards of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology, and Hematology, Aptos, CA, USA
About the Authors
Mitchell Bebel Stargrove, ND, LAc
Editor-in-Chief and lead author of Nutrient monographs
Mitchell Bebel Stargrove, ND, LAc, earned his BA in history and government from Oberlin College in 1979, his acupuncture diploma from Oregon College of Oriental Medicine (OCOM) in 1987 and his naturopathic degree from National College of Naturopathic Medicine (NCNM) in 1988. He is licensed as an acupuncturist and naturopathic physician in Oregon and practices at A WellSpring of Natural Health, Inc. in Beaverton.
Since 1990 he has taught the History of Medicine at NCNM (1990-1993), at OCOM (1990-2022) and at NUNM, College of Classical Chinese Medicine (2022 – present), and History and Philosophy of Naturopathic Medicine at University of Western States (2024 – present). Dr. Stargrove was a Senior Fellow of the Center of Excellence in Generative Medicine at the University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT and member of the board of the Institute for Naturopathic Generative Medicine, AANP affiliate specialty society. He is the editor and co-author of Herb, Nutrient, and Drug Interactions: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Strategies (MosbyElsevier 2008). He coordinated development of, and compiled the acupuncture section for, the Integrative BodyMind Information System (IBIS), the pioneering multidisciplinary electronic encyclopedia for practitioners of integrative medicine and natural therapeutics, published in 1993, and was Editor-in-Chief of the online interactions database InteractionsGuide. In addition, he is Chief Medical Officer of MedicineWorks, a division of Health Resources Unlimited, Inc., as well as a founder and board member of the Alchemical Medicine Research and Teaching Association (AMR’TA, Inc.). From 2007 until 2019, Dr. Stargrove was lead history editor of and a contributing author to the Foundations of Naturopathic Medicine text and Lead Author and Co-Editor of Naturopathic Medicine History and Professional Formation Timeline. In 2023, he launched the Nature’s Medicine Through Time: A Landscape of People and Practices, Principles and Institutions – Highlighting the Profession of Naturopathic Medicine as Physicians of the Person-Centered Traditions website (naturesmedicinethroughtime.org). In 2023 Health Resources Unlimited, Inc. opened VitalGoods (vitalgoods.com), an online medicinary for natural products.
In August 2012, the American Association of Naturopathic Physicians presented him with the Vis Medicatrix Naturae award in recognition of his activities as a “naturopathic physician who represents the healing power of nature as demonstrated through work, life and community service”. In 2015 Dr. Stargrove was invited to be a founding member of the Naturopathic Council of Elders. The Oregon Association of Naturopathic Physicians and National University of Natural Medicine honored him with “the prestigious 2017 Living Legend award for his demonstrated leadership, commitment to excellence, and outstanding contributions to the advancement of natural medicine in the state of Oregon”.
Drs. Mitch and Lori Stargrove teach therapeutic strategies in Person-Centered Collaborative Care, host the GaiaStar Temple, and coordinate The Blue Lotus Mystery School as they explore embodied methods of self-healing, cocreativity and respectful living. During 2015 they and a team of community members founded CascadiaFire, a bioregional service group that hosts annual sacred fire circle celebrations.
Jonathan Treasure, MA, MNIMH, RH (AHG), MCPP
Lead author of Herb monographs
Jonathan Treasure holds a Masters in Medical Sciences from Cambridge University; he later graduated in herbal medicine from the UK School of Phytotherapy. He is a member of the UK Institute of Medical Herbalists and the College of Practitioners of Phytotherapy. In 1994, after moving to the Pacific Northwest, he became a professional member of the American Herbalist Guild, (AHG) and Editor of their Journal; he has served on the Scientific and Medical Advisory Board of the Life Extension Foundation and the Advisory Board of Dr Peter D’Adamo’s Center of Excellence for Generative Medicine at the University of Bridgeport. He is also a member of The Society of Integrative Oncology.
His dual expertise in traditional herbal therapeutics combined with a fluency in biomedical science results in a developed transdisciplinary perspective – exemplified by the acclaimed collaborative medical textbook Herb, Nutrient and Drug Interactions: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Strategies. His clinical practice has centered on botanical medicine and nutritional therapeutics for people with cancer for fifteen years; until 2011 he collaborated with fellow oncological herbalist Donnie Yance at the Mederi Center for Natural Healing where he worked both as a clinician and Director of Research.
Dwight L. McKee, MD
Medical reviewer and contributor to Nutrient and Herb monographs
Dr. Dwight McKee’s extensive medical biography includes an academic background in pharmacology, laboratory research and clinical medicine, before undertaking twelve years’ study and practice of nutritional and complementary medicine disciplines as a medical director at the first integrative medicine clinic on the US East Coast.
Working with cancer patients in his practice inspired him to develop his expertise further. He became board certified in Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, practicing these disciplines for six years at top clinics across the US, while additionally pursuing advanced studies in Immunology.
Board certified in nutrition by the American College of Nutrition and the American Board of Holistic Medicine, Dr. McKee’s in-depth and wide-ranging experience in specialized medical practice, nutritional science, and complementary medicine make him one of the most knowledgeable researchers and clinicians worldwide.
In this short video, Dr. McKee discusses the lifestyle practices that can help to prevent cancer recurrence. (https://cancerchoices.org/cancer-rehab-with-dwight-mckee-md/)

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